Life Imprisonment for a Fifteen Year Old Juvenile Essay

Introduction In the United States, each year, there are numerous juvenile delinquents who are given mandatory life prison sentences. This paper will explain how a troubled boy at the age of 15 winds up being convicted, receiving one of the harshest punishments in the United States, and what actions may prevent future occurrence of this event happening to the lives of other delinquent youth. Discussion In a recent news story reported by Hanson (2013), Travion Blount was convicted and sentenced to six life terms. He did not commit homicide, rape, or any sort of sexual assault. He was convicted of 51 felony charges which included the illegal use of a firearm, robbery, and abduction. Blount’s advocates argue his six life sentences for an†¦show more content†¦Also Church, Wharton, and Taylor (2008) say that the nature of a child’s peer relationships, social and family surroundings and self-image are factors associated with deviant behavior. This may explain why Blount got involved in criminal behavior. Blount was taught his gang’s basic values, skills, norms, attitudes, and beliefs. This became his way of life, which was normal for him. In addition, Bartollas and Miller (2014) state that according to Travis Hirschi’se social control theory, examination must be made on the individual’s ties to conventional society. Hirschi linked delinquent behavior to the bonds that an individual has with his family and school. If those bonds are not strong, the individual may follow people who he believes have his back and who he feels close to. In addition to this, Hirschi says there are four basic elements to his theory. First is individual attachment, which relates to a person’s closeness to such groups as family, school, teacher, and church. If a person has a close relationship with such groups, the chances of committing a criminal act go down. Second is individual commitment, where a person spends time, effort, focus and money on some goal. This may involve something worthwhile like education or home ownership. Third is individual involvement, where a person gets involved in something he is really interes ted inShow MoreRelatedEssay about Hirschi’s Social Bonding Theory 1195 Words   |  5 PagesIn criminology, researchers have constantly tried to explain why people commit crime and engage in juvenile delinquency. Many theories have emerged for over a century about why people commit these deviant behaviors. Macro-level theories focus on social structures and the effects of those structures on the human behavior. Basically, macro-level theories explains aggregate crime. Micro-level theories focuses on individuals and their interactions with various groups of people. For example, the relationshipRead MoreWhat Do You Think About The Juvenile Death Penalty? Many1622 Words   |  7 PagesWhat do you think about the juvenile death penalty? Many sides are against this kind of thing. They believe that juveniles are not fully matured and give in too easily to peer pressure. Juveniles are smart enough to know wrong from right even if they are getting pressured to do something. This e ssay is pro for death penalty for juveniles, because they can make their own decisions in their life. For starters this paper is going to give some information from people who think there should never beRead More juvenile crime Essay2358 Words   |  10 PagesJustice report released in November, thirty-eight percent of those arrested for weapons offenses in 1995 were under the age of eighteen (Curriden). In the same report, the Bureau of Justice Statistics stated that in 1995, 3 out of every 100 eighteen-year-olds were arrested for weapons offenses. A rate three times higher than for males twenty-five to twenty-nine and five times higher than for males thirty to thirty-four (Curriden). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Just weeks later the FBI released a reportRead MoreJuvenile Justice2455 Words   |  10 PagesJuvenile Justice To many Americans today, the country is a hostage-but not from oversea terrorism as one might expect to think. No today, we live in fear from our own children; and these are the same young people who we are entrusting the future of this great country with. According to the Department of Justice report released in November, thirty-eight percent of those arrested for weapons offenses in 1995 were under the age of eighteen (Curriden 66). In the same report, the Bureau of JusticeRead MoreJuveniles : The Criminal Justice System1777 Words   |  8 PagesJuveniles in the Criminal Justice System Introduction In the United States, juveniles have always known to cause trouble in the community. In recent times, many individuals have the perception that juvenile crimes are on the rise and that these offenders are getting younger. Charging juveniles as adult has always been a debate, because of their thinking process and protecting their rights. There are many cases that regard juveniles that have changed the policies of this nation. Also for thoseRead More Juvenile Justice Essay1308 Words   |  6 Pages Juvenile Justice By:Bill In todays society juveniles are being tried in adult courts, given the death penalty, and sent to prison. Should fourteen-year olds accused of murder or rape automatically be tried as adults? Should six-teen year olds and seven-teen year olds tried in adult courts be forced to serve time in adult prisons, where they are more likely to be sexually assaulted and to become repeat offenders. How much discretion should a judge have in deciding the fate of a juvenile accusedRead MoreEssay about Roper V Simmons1341 Words   |  6 Pagesseventeen years old, and two of his friends by the name of Charles Benjamin(fifteen years old) and John Tessmer (sixteen years old) had a detailed conversation about committing a murder. Christopher Simmons had a premeditated plan to which included, burglary (breaking and entering), robber and murder. Simmons wanted to bond and tie the victim and discard them off the bridge. Simmons convinced his two friends that they would not be convicted for these acts be cause they are still considered juveniles (underRead MoreYouth and Crime - Who Is Responsible Essay1061 Words   |  5 Pagesautomobile insurance, causing our premiums to rise. Youth crime rates seem to have been increasing over the past couple of years. Most crimes these days are committed by youths who are often under the influence of drugs and alcohol, who have an impaired sense of perception. Police Chief Julian Fantino of the Toronto Police Service says, Youth crime rates have been rising in recent years even though other violent crime rates have been decreasing, (www.cbc.ca). With youth crime on the rise we the publicRead MoreThe United States Prisons And Federal Prisons959 Words   |  4 Pagesfederal prison for drug offenses spiked from 74,276 in 2000 to 97,472 in 2010, according to the U.S. Department of Justice. (The Huffington Post â€Å"The Drug War and Mass Incarceration By The Numbers†) Since then there are more than two hundred and fifteen thousand inmates in federal prisons. The government has overspent taxpayer’s money for people that should not be in jail or prisons. (Henrichson). According to Vera Institute of Justice the government is spent over thirty one thousand dollars inRead MoreShould Juveniles Be Sentenced For Life?2370 Words   |  10 PagesQuestion Presented Whether Brandon Moore should be sentenced for life due to crimes he committed at age of fifteen, or receive a chance to parole. II. Brief Answer Yes, Brandon More will most likely have a chance of parole, because live sentence for juveniles is too cruel and is against VIII amendment. III. Facts In 2001, 15 years old Columbus, OH resident Brandon Moore along with another teen kidnapped robbed and raped 22 year old woman. The woman was abducted as she arrived for an evening work

Outsourcing Lets Get It Right Essay - 1208 Words

â€Å"The rights of every man are diminished when the rights of one man are threatened† (Kennedy, 1963). Continuous improvements in technology capabilities have provided companies with tools to more easily conduct business on a global scale. However, when conducting business with different cultures, you risk different ethical standards. Companies should be accountable for ensuring their product or services can be received by the consumer in good conscience, void of human ethics violations, regardless of where the product or service originates; and consumers should not patronize companies that cannot ensure this trust. This paper provides rhetorical analyses of two presentations pertaining to outsourcing. Neither particularly opposes†¦show more content†¦Because the article consists of more positive claims than negative, by the end of the article the non-critical reader is left with a positive feeling about outsourcing, regardless of factual claims. Additionally, Kibbe uses rhetorical devise comparisons, explanations, and definitions along with the rhetorical devise downplayer while explaining that offshore outsourcing has come to the forefront because of unrelated economic conditions. Kibbe (2004) suggests the migration of jobs offshore â€Å"coupled with an economic downturn . . . on the heels of one of the largest economic booms in the nation’s history . . . made the change taking place [jobs offshore] seem even more devastating† (para.30). This rhetorical explanation downplays the issue and uses a downplayer phrase, suggesting if it were not for these unrelated forces, the issue would not have come to the forefront as a social topic of debate. Furthermore, Kibbe’s article is vague, leaving out important information when citing industry research data: 6,700 jobs lost due to offshoring, as compared to 300,000 new unemployment claims. Based on these data-points, Kibbe’s article claims â€Å"offshoring represents only about 2% of the jobs lost† (para.32). The reader is unable to trust theShow MoreRelatedOutsourcing For A Human Resource Essay1698 Words   |  7 Pagescourse oppose or favor outsourcing jobs overseas. Secondly, this essay will deliberate upon the pros and cons of outsourcing overseas to a developing nation. Additionally, this paper will touch upon a situation with a human resource (HR) manager by the name of Jenny. With respect to, identifying whether Jenny should focus on her current career with her company or challenge her CEO contingent upon her own personal values and principles in relation to overseas outsourcing. Moreover, this paperRead MoreTen Reasons to Outsource Digital Marke ting to a Third Party1299 Words   |  5 Pagesa principle, outsource any activity that is not core to their business. At the tactical level, companies often find themselves short of digital marketing resources to respond to a rapid pace at which it operates across different platforms. Whats right for your company? Following are general guidelines to help you determine whether to deploy a third party to manage a complete digital marketing function or specific project, or to keep it in-house. FACTOR #1: YOU LACK A SPECIFIC EXPERTISE OR HUMANRead MoreGlobal Supply Chain Management Procurement Personnel Essay1678 Words   |  7 Pagesthe planning phase of the business. The team will have interactions on a global stage (National Internal contractors suppliers) worldwide. The main focus is getting the right product and quantity delivered in the right condition to the right address at the right time to the right customer and most important at the right price. Process of transporting, warehousing, Logistics, 3PL/4PL and the Reverse logistic based on the premise of enhanced supply chain visibility through information and riskRead MoreBlood Banana Case1006 Words   |  5 Pagesvery unstable political environment. The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia (FARC) and alter the National Liberation Army (ELN) were constantly fighting. The cultural presumption of â€Å"no law† made it less challenging or morally okay for Chiquita to get caught up in the no law land and make unethical decisions. The bananas industry was very prevalent at the time, number 3 on the list of staple crops in the world after wheat and coffee. Bananas were heavily consumed so it was an attractive marketRead More Outsourcing to India: Is the United States benefiting from it?2365 Words   |  10 PagesOutsourcing to India: Is the United States benefiting from it? I. Introduction â€Å"Did you hear the news? No, what happened? 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This paper will take a look at someRead MoreAmerican Economy Essay1499 Words   |  6 PagesThe American Economy is the most dominant economy in the world and has been one that many countries have tried to replicate. Let’s take a look at how the American Economy is so dominant and why. There are many important numbers to base an economy off of, however, we are only going to look into some of the most vital numbers that really illustrate why the United States is the world’s leading economy. These numbers consist of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), which is the total amount of goods and servicesRead MoreOutsourcing: A Boon or Bane?4267 Words   |  18 PagesThe increasing trend of outsourcing jobs from United States in recent years has created alarming unrest among American people. Politicians also believe that outsourcing has a negative impact on jobs, should this be allowed to continue, a prosperous future of all Americans is dim. These policy makers are exploiting this issue by introducing new protectionist policies. On the contrary, some economists have shrugged of the phenomenon as part of economic growth, as outsourcing benefitted U.S. economyRead MoreOutsourcings Effect on America Essay1970 Words   |  8 Pagesreasonable conclusion on the effects of outsourcing in America. From overworking, to a decline in the manufacturing sector, a high wealth gap, and finally the contribution of corporate lobbying are prime examples of the by-product that were created by outsourcing. Although free trade is the root of the problem, outsourcing is the most prevalen t issue that it has created. Since free trade is now a standard and cannot be eliminated we will look into how outsourcing, since it can still be controlled, hasRead MoreNokia Case Study Solution983 Words   |  4 PagesNokia’s products. 2. Divestiture Strategy, sell the Vertu subsidiary product line to a competitor. 3. Innovation, go back to the drawing board and create the ultimate operating system. Pay premium salaries to the world’s top programmers to get the job done right the first time and on schedule. 4. Initialize a better value proposition and diversify organizational strategy. Selected Solution to the Problem In order to rectify the problems at Nokia one must ask the following questions for a viable solution

Theater Free Term Papers, Book Reports,s, And Research Essay Example For Students

Theater Free Term Papers, Book Reports,s, And Research Essay Romeo And Juliet : Shakespeare And The Use Of Farce By Jackie Harry Sensuality was a favorite theme of William Shakespeare. Unfortunately, Romeo And Juliet is absolutely witless in terms of Shakespeares usual conservative politics. In this paper, I will show that Romeo And Juliet is the most brilliant example of reactionary writing ever created. This claim is buttressed by three points: (1) the Surrealist theme of loss of innocence in Romeo And Juliet, (2) Shakespeares adversarial relationship to the Symbolist school while writing the book, and (3) the authors brave employment of sensuality depite the influence of the Modernist school. How can I put this Romeo And Juliet is obviously a powerful work. Many women see the books final paragraph as the most timeless; I, however, do not. Holden Lewis is a famous character for this very reason; of course, this is only a guess. These themes are most evident in opening monologue of Romeo And Juliet, for that is when Shakespeares often half-ba ked prose shines most brightly. Of course, like all great works, Romeo And Juliet has its flaws! It is also obvious that scholarsby seeing him as an avatar of Shakespeares 16th century Constructivist viewshave misinterpreted the character William Adamss role in the book. The winter winds blew cold, like snow. The game was up. The man and the boy talked for hours about absolutely nothing. Unheard, I cried. The woman looked into his eyes. Her eyes were blue like sapphires. (Shakespeare 120)Obviously, Shakespeares intentions for Master Lee are ambiguous here; still, the tragic hero and coming of age come to bear here like never before. Romeo And Juliet is obviously a moving work. For the male community there can be no other conclusion. Thats the expatriot assumption, at least. Romeo And Juliet is, like all of Shakespeares great works, a triumph. As such, the words of the character Captain Lewis ring true: Her eyes were blue like sapphires. This all but proves my thesis, especially when Shakespeares portrayal of juxtapostion in the book is taken into account; as an affirmation of salvation, this is Shakespeares grandest statement. Lines like The woman looked into his eyes, have made Romeo And Juliet required reading for the Romantic student. The author uses subversive undertones to transform Captain Adams from a possibly brainless bit-player into a reknown hero. Ishmael Daniels famously possibly brainless attitude throughout the book is often cited. Critics are dead wrong when they cite Romeo And Juliet as an example of Shakespeares dwindling sanity. Romeo And Juliet is not so much autobiography per se as it is Shakespeares most heart-felt analysis of religion. It is predictable that scholarsby seeing him as an avatar of Shakespeares Symbolist viewshave misinterpreted the character William Sawyers role in the book; Shakespeares point here is clear: salvation and peer pressure are one and the same. The whiskey tasted good to the man. All they needed was reason. His sadness was deep, as if it wouldnt end. Tuesday was a the bleakest day for the Parkers. The winter winds blew cold, like snow. He drank the coffee. (Shakespeare 120)Pregnant words; the contemplation of this passage is beyond me. The lingering line of Romeo And Juliet is, The man and the boy talked for hours about absolutely nothing. (Shakespeare 84) This passage escaped most critics, but not Gustave Flaubert, who plagarized it years later, frankly. The author uses social commentary to transform One-Eyed Crane from a witless bit-player into a moving hero. Developments in the opening monologue are often cited as evidence; Benvolio Cranes famously half-baked attitude throughout the book is often cited. Romeo And Juliet is most likely a brilliant work. Many homophobes see the books closing scene as the richest; I, however, do not. This all but proves my thesis, especially when Shakespeares portrayal of irony in the book is taken into account. In Romeo And Juliets first chapter we find Shakespeare at his most ill-conceived. But even this section can still prove fertile to the Canadian reader. Consider: Yearning pervaded the camp. (Shakespeare 87) Truer words have never been uttered, at least not by me. Of course, like all great works, Romeo And Juliet has its flaws! Read as non-fiction, Romeo And Juliet supports no other analysis; parts of the books closing scene are often cited as evidence. Shakespeares expatriot sympathies are evident in Romeo And Juliet. It should be obvious that Shakespeare was never driven purely by the salvation paradigm. David Crane is a surprisingly wrong-headed character. The whiskey tasted good to the man. Autumn is the finest, and third, season. Four years had passed since the fun county fair. The whiskey tasted good to the man. There was nothing else to be done. The man and the boy talked for hours about absolutely nothing. (Shakespeare 121)One can see that juxtapostion is right around the corner; Shakespeares quest for salvation could nt be more forceful. Critics are dead wrong when they cite Romeo And Juliet as an example of Shakespeares dwindling sanity. For the immigrant community there can be no other conclusion. This becomes apparent only when one considers the books famous line, Four years had passed since the fun county fair. (Shakespeare 83) The allegory in Romeo And Juliet really hits you like a rock. As you can imagine, revolutionaries took to the streets after the books first publication. This all but proves my thesis, especially when Shakespeares incorporation of pathos in the book is taken into account; Shakespeares point here is clear: life and religion are one and the same. Satire is not Romeo And Juliets only theme; there is also pure peer pressure. While this fact allays most of Shakespeares expatriot detractors, it has led a certain Constructivist critic the execrable T. S. Eliot to proclaim the pre Modernist movement was in effect. Ishmael Maxwell is a surprisingly moving character. Any examina tion of life is incomplete without addressing the pathos of Romeo And Juliet. As such, the words of the character Master Adams ring true: I couldnt believe it. As pure journalism, Romeo And Juliet was assailed for such statements; to see how this supports my previous claim is quite trivial. The man and the boy talked for hours about absolutely nothing. His face was bright as he looked at her. He drank the coffee. My ideology is quite obvious. His face was bright as he looked at her. My ideology is quite obvious. (Shakespeare 87)Truer words have never been uttered, at least not by me; still, many Germans have looked to these words for guidance. Romeo And Juliet is, like all of Shakespeares great works, a triumph. Of course, like all great works, Romeo And Juliet has its flaws! Ishmael Maxwell is a far from marginal character; in fact, it is through him that many of Shakespeares late 20th century influences show through. Romeo And Juliet is, like all of Shakespeares great works, the m ost succesful. Romeo And Juliet is not so much journalism per se as it is Shakespeares most heart-felt analysis of immortality. This becomes relevant only when one considers the books famous line, Life offered nothing but fear itself. (Shakespeare 118) As a testament to religion and a celebration of life, Romeo And Juliet will always ring true. Perhaps its time that scholars reevaluated their estimation of the book. Though famous for portrayals of pathos in other works, Shakespeare will always be loved for his triumphant employment of dystopic future-vision in this book. 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The 14Th Dalai Lama Essays - Tulkus, Tibetan Independence Movement

The 14Th Dalai Lama Research Paper November 12, 1999 The 14th Dalai Lama ?Dalai Lama? literally means ocean priest. His vast followers, awestruck by his presence, cast their eyes downward, fall to the ground and weep. They cannot look directly in his eyes out of respect. The Dalai Lama realizes the magnitude of his position, but dismisses the idolatry. His people call him ?His Holiness.? He calls himself a Tibetan who chooses to be a Buddhist monk. He also was leader of a country that Tibetans say is occupied and that Beijing says has always been part of China. He is considered the reincarnation of the previous 13 Dalai Lamas of Tibet, the first born more than 640 years ago. This Dalai Lama is different from his predecessors, though. For instance, the 13th Dalai Lama was strict and formal, and most Tibetans couldn't get close to him except during public blessing ceremonies. The 14th Dalai Lama meets often with Tibetans and foreigners and never keeps people at a distance. He is among 600 Tibetan Buddhist monks living in Dharamsala, in northern India. About 7,000 of the 24,000 who live in this city are Tibetans, with the greatest concentration in the village of McLeod Ganj?the seat of Tibet's government-in- exile. The Chinese occupied Tibet in 1950. For nine years, the Dalai Lama tried to negotiate peaceful coexistence with his people and the Chinese. When that failed, he fled in 1959 to India, where he set up Tibet's government-in-exile. Lhamo Thondup was born July 6, 1935, to peasant farmers in Taktser, a poor settlement on a hill overlooking a broad valley in northeastern Tibet. Buddhist priests from Lhasa, Tibet's capital, came for the boy when he was 2. Omens led them to him: from the way the head of the 13th Dalai Lama had turned in his coffin toward the child's village, to the vision of the house seen in a lake by a high priest. The boy was renamed Jamphel Ngawang Lobsang Yeshe Tenzin Gyatso and raised by monks in Lhasa in the 1,000-room Potala palace, where the fifth through the present Dalai Lamas resided. As a boy, he had no idea what it meant to be the 14th Dalai Lama?the ruler of the land hidden behind the Himalayas. He was tutored in Buddhist teachings. At 15, with his country under threat from the newly communist China, he formally became head of Tibet, which is about three times the size of California. At that time in 1950, peace in Tibet was shattered when 84,000 Chinese soldiers launched an attack at six points along Tibet's border. Chinese officials say communism liberated the downtrodden Tibetan people from a feudal theocracy harshly ruled by a succession of Dalai Lamas. But many Tibetans say communism never was attractive for them, and they always considered the rule of the Dalai Lama benevolent. Fearful of being captured by the Chinese and believing he would be more effective outside Tibet, the Dalai Lama fled at age 24 across 17,000-foot Himalayan passes into India. Together with the 70-man remnant of the Tibetan government, he was given political asylum. He chose India for its proximity to his homeland, and Tibetans felt a spiritual kinship with their neighbors because Buddhism originated in India. Buddhism teaches people to eliminate suffering caused by ignorance, egotism and self- centeredness. Buddhists cultivate morality, generosity, patience, energy, wisdom and meditation. They believe good actions lead to a promising rebirth. Tibet was the only place where Buddhist monks solely ruled the country. Leaders were thought to be incarnations of enlightened beings, and they taught others how to calm their minds and cultivate altruism. Tibetans say they lived peacefully until the Chinese invaded their country. Since then, 1.2 million people -- 20 percent of the Tibetan population?have died in combat and through massive famines from collectivized farming and diversion of Tibetan grain to China. The Chinese gutted all but 10 of Tibet's 6,254 monasteries, and their treasure -- $80 billion in jeweled, gold, silver and bronze statues and other holy items?was trucked back to China and later sold in markets in Hong Kong and Tokyo. Still, the Dalai Lama, 1989 Nobel Peace Prize winner for his non-violent quest to free his homeland, doesn't

Racial Profiling

Introduction Ever since the early civilization man has always discriminated fellow men on the basis of their color, age, gender among other many factors. In the United States of America, discrimination is more spread across the different race origins that the citizens bear.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Racial Profiling specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The American population is made of people from different origins, for example, we have; the African American, Caucasians, Red Indians among others. Some races feeling superior to others have promoted discrimination for a very long period. One way through which this has been done is racial profiling (MacDonald 4). When the color of your skin or the origin of your race is used by the law enforcing officers as a basis of suspicion of having committed particular crimes in general non suspect investigations then that can be described as racial profiling (Glas er 4). This discrimination which most of the times has been based on religion, race, ethnicity or any other special character that one may be identified with undermines the human rights and freedom of every American citizen. It is a fact that law enforcement officers at all levels target people of certain races or ethnic groups most of the time as seen during traffic stops and inspection. For many years, Americans of African and Hispanic origins have complained of being victims of race profiling due to allegations of their likelihood of committing crimes compared to Americans of other races. For example, allegations of racial profiling have been on the policemen who suspect African American shoppers of being petty thieves. Individuals have been subjected to racial profiling when walking or shopping, for instance, blacks are often stopped and questioned by cops if seen walking in an area assumed to be a white dominated region (Muffler 2). This has become a major issue in the United S tates of America some debating on its essence and why it should continue or it should stop and thus the need to look into the matter. Current System or the Way Things Are Currently Done In Regards to Racial Profiling In the recent years it has become a major concern to everybody on racial profiling. Laws seeking to ban racial profiling have been introduced in the congress for example Both S. 16(Daschle) and H.R 2364(Engel), (Laney 2), contains provisions relating to racial profiling. S.16 is an â€Å"omnibus civil rights bill, which includes provisions that would express a sense of the Senate that Congress enact legislation banning racial profiling and requiring law enforcement at the federal state and local levels to prevent the practice (Muffler 3).Advertising Looking for research paper on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The HR.2364 (Engel) aims to amend immigration and nationality act by establishing a Visa Fairness Commission to collect data on the ongoing racial profiling in the American Embassies and with the US border inspectors. The law enforcement departments have been accused of practicing racial profiling in their aim of controlling two vices: preventing the illicit drugs activities and containing terrorism threats. Many Americans disapprove traffic stops but when terrorism investigations are the claims of making the stops, then the Americans have no problem in allowing the vice to continue. The fact that the bombings of September 2001 were carried by attackers of Arab origin, other Arab citizens living in the country whether innocent or guilty have been faced with adverse cases of racial profiling; â€Å"50% Americans responding to a poll supported the laws requiring Arabs including those who are U.S. citizens to carry a special ID† (Muffler 6). Another study carried in the country by the Opinion Dynamics showed that â€Å"54% of American citizens approved the use of racial profiling to screen Arab-male airline passengers. While in another carried by Cornell University â€Å"68% responded to racial profiling as a tool of fighting terrorism† (Muffler 6). Thus, race profiling is within many American citizens and any bid to eliminate the vice is expected to face all sorts of challenges. While all the claims about Muslims and their relation to terrorism might be true, it is worthy noting that terrorists of Middle East (as they are usually faced with higher risks of racial profiling) background could have migrated to Germany, England or any other country and thus racial profiling by use of the geographical factors is also not bound to work. The extent of racial profiling has been studied in some states, for example, in the Arizona Sentinel Investigation of all the vehicles which were stopped in the interstate highway in Florida, â€Å"While nearly 705 of the vehicles stopped belonged to the blacks and Hispanic, only a small 5% of the drivers were from the minor communities† (Muffler 7). Racial profiling violates the individual constitutional rights as stated in the supreme constitution of the United States of America. The fourth amendment of the United States of America protects every American citizen against any unreasonable searches and seizures (Kops 72) while the Fifth Amendment protects against discrimination based on ethnicity, race or nation of origin as experienced in racial profiling cases (Rezmovic Ekstrands 3).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Racial Profiling specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The fourteenth amendment of the constitution goes further and protects all American citizens by ensuring that they are provided with equal security and protection by the country laws thus those practicing racial profiling should be made aware that the constitution bars them from doing so. Why do you think racial profiling is unjust? Wh o suffers? Who benefits? Why is that unfair? Racial profiling is in no doubt unjust as it favors one group of people over the other. It is both wrong and ineffective on those who uses and for those who are subjected to. That is why racial profiling should be banned whether in fighting drugs or terrorism. It is important to note that it is not a race or ethnicity which commits a crime rather it is an individual people who commits the crimes and thus judge the people individually and not linking a whole group to the acts. Blacks have often been suspected of committing crimes more than other races thus faces more cases of racial profiling but the National Organization of Black Law Enforcement Executives (NOBLE) argues against racial profiling by stating that while blacks may be responsible for a higher percentage of crimes committed within an area it does not mean that majority of blacks population should be held responsible for the crimes. Another case which makes racial profiling unj ust is that certain communities are overly policed, unjustly scrutinized, and disproportionately represented in the criminal justice system while individually they might not have committed any crime. These victims of racial profiling have their liberty interests taken from them. They are stopped, searched, arrested, subjected to unwarranted force, detained in custody and in the most extreme cases, shot, tortured or killed as a result of being ill-perceived as a serious threat† (Sandborn, Bahdi, Parsons 2). Racial profiling also promotes cynicism about law enforcement and the judicial system amongst members of communities who are subjected to racial profiling thus decreasing the probability of citizen co-operation with law enforcers for legitimate investigations. The only claimed benefit to racial profiling is that the authorities are able to narrow their investigations down to certain characteristics within a certain race of a given suspect incase they have a reliable informa tion connecting to a certain crime which was committed somewhere rather than stopping and questioning every individual who passes through a police check (Korobkin 24).Advertising Looking for research paper on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A Legal Approach Would Entail On Making Policing a More Informative and Responsive Process Would Be My Approach towards Solving Racial Profiling Increasing the available information to the police can be a solution towards eliminating or reducing cases of racial profiling in the United States of America. With adequate information the police can be able to monitor and pin point the hot spots where much police presence and patrols are needed. Laws and legislations passed against racial profiling has been a major incentive to the adoption of technology by most law enforcers in order to change their approaches towards traffic stops. Once information is collected by the police for example about a crime committed somewhere and the details made public this creates a warning system to the people and incase the police may stop you according to the details already given in the public domain then no one will complain of discrimination or racial profiling. However, this data should always be aut henticated by the authorities to prevent chances of circulating the wrong information to the public thus making wrong traffic stops leading to increased racial profiling within the country. By the police making the information public, this would allow them to announce what their plans are and it can help in building trust between the public and the police. To end racial profiling, the police departments should be made to release all the relevant information that can be meaningful to communities and target groups. This information should be aggregated according to the interest groups addressing the systemic problems while much information should be released according to the individual characteristics. Engaging with the public is also another strategy through which the police can gather information from the public and this can help them in understanding how the community feels and what needs to be done to ensure cases of racial profiling are reduced. The rigid supervisory techniques u sed by the police should be dropped and a more respectful and participatory approach adopted by the police as they seek for information during traffic stops. How Would You Combat Those Arguments Supporting Racial Profiling? For those who supports racial profiling the following are the simple facts that they should note about racial profiling. Racial profiling can be used as a tool to distract law enforcers from gaining access information through better approaches, for example, the law enforcers should focus on the suspicious behaviors which should lead to arrests rather than basing their focus on race. Racial profiling also prevents the cops from serving the entire community due to the fact that it sends a message that a certain race can be trusted more than the other and other races are viewed more as criminals than normal citizens. This can lead to the less scrutinized race taking advantage of the situation and committing crime. Another weak factor about racial profiling is that i t leads to communities and law enforcers not cooperating in containing crime in an area since the communities are already aware that the police are biased against them (Hunter 16). More than often racial profiling is likely to lead to riots as reports of discrimination and torture of suspects goes round in the society the community is likely to riot against the practice. Finally, not only is racial profiling morally wrong but it is also against the supreme constitution of the United States of America, which under the 14th amendment states that people within the jurisdiction of the country should not be denied equal protection of the laws. Works Cited Glaser, Jack. â€Å"The Efficacy and Effect of Racial Profiling: A Mathematical Modeling Approach.† Goldman School of Public Policy University of California, Berkeley, 2003. Web. Hunter, David Jr. An Analysis of Racial Profiling and the Consequences of Profiling Based Upon Race. Michigan: University of Michigan-Flint Department o f Public Safety. 2003. Kops, Deborah. Racial Profiling, 21st Edition. New York: Marshall Cavendish, 2006. Korobkin, Daniel. â€Å"Racial Profiling: A New Challenge in Public Policy.† Public Policy Concentration Thesis, 2002. Web. Laney, Garrine. â€Å"Racial Profiling: Issues and Federal Legislative Proposals and Options.† CRS Report for Congress, 2004. Web. MacDonald, Heather. â€Å"The Myth of Racial Profiling.† The Manhattan Institute, 2001. Web. Muffler, Stephen. Racial Profiling: Issues, Data and Analyses. New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc. 2006. Rezmovic L Evi Ekstrand E. Laurie. Racial Profiling: Limited Data On Available On Motorists Stop. New York: Diane Publishing, 2000. Sandborn, Tom; Parsons Olanyi; Bahdi Reem. â€Å"Racial Profiling Position Paper.† Civil Liberties Association, 2009. Web. This research paper on Racial Profiling was written and submitted by user Kenley Acevedo to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Despite most currencies being convertible why does countertrade Essay

Despite most currencies being convertible why does countertrade persist, illustrate your answer with examples of different types of countertrade - Essay Example Since its manifestation in East-West trade in the midst of 1970, countertrade has increased and widened geographically to the entire world – the number of dealings actually increasing year-by-year. As well as the worldwide development, the formats of countertrade have also stepped forward to have room for the incompatible financial – despite considering this in mind that all currencies is now being convertible – needs and repayment capabilities of selling groups (Francis, Dick, 1987). Therefore, means of payment have incorporated relocations of varied assets with monetary worth for example the deliverances of substantial products (e.g., utensils, goods); services (transport, building); insolvency of lien equipment (debt paper); and equity contributions (Francis, Dick, 1987). The arrangements of countertrade may serve up periodically; readily available currencies, advertising, or public policy are the major objectives of trading parties and their governments. The custom is virtually always influenced by some form of government study or interference, and is ever more a reality of doing business with agencies that are buying when the noteworthy dollar value national procurements are involved (Francis, Dick, 1987). Countertrading is also eminent as a means of financing in global trade. For those underdeveloped or developing nations that have deficiencies of hard currencies or whose national currencies are not exchangeable to other sorts of foreign country exchange, countertrading offers a solid way of financing imports (Paun, Dorothy A, January 1997, 41 50). By selling their import goods to various corporations in developed nations, developing nations also profit by discovering new export marketplaces. Those dealers in developed nations who are ready to countertrade have established that it heighten their businesses. By being flexible in the sort of currency or payment they are going to be given, corporations that